Percutaneous CT-Guided Cryoablation of the Celiac Plexus: A Retrospective Cohort Comparison with Ethanol

PurposeTo retrospectively analyze and compare the incidence of diarrhea in patients who underwent cryoablation of the celiac plexus for intractable abdominal pain versus ethanol therapy over a 5-year period.Materials and MethodsFrom June 2014 to August 2019, 83 patients were identified who underwent neurolysis of the celiac plexus for management of intractable abdominal pain by using either cryoablation (n = 39 [59% female; age range, 36–79 years old [average, 60 ± 11 years old]) or alcohol (n = 44 [48% female; age range, 29–76 years old [average, 60 ± 12 years old]). Pain scores and reports of procedure-related complications or side effects, with special attention to diarrhea and/or other gastrointestinal symptoms, were collected from follow-up visits at 1 week, 1 month, and 3 months post-intervention and were compared between groups.ResultsThe mean time of follow-up was 17.7 days. Four patients who underwent cryoablation developed gastrointestinal symptoms consisting of 2 cases of nausea and vomiting and 2 cases of diarrhea (5.1%). Twelve patients who underwent ethanol ablation developed gastrointestinal symptoms, including 1 case of nausea, 3 cases of vomiting, and 9 cases of diarrhea (20.5%). There was a significantly higher incidence of both diarrhea (chi-squared likelihood ratio, P = .03) and overall gastrointestinal symptoms (chi-squared likelihood ratio, P = .04) in the ethanol group than in the cryoablation group.ConclusionsCryoablation of the celiac plexus may provide a new treatment option for intractable abdominal pain, and it appears to have a lower incidence of diarrhea and fewer gastrointestinal side effects than ablation using ethanol.     

分阶段策略预防急性颈脊髓损伤呼吸系统并发症的回顾性研究

目的:探讨分阶段策略预防急性颈脊髓损伤(ACSCI)呼吸系统并发症的临床效果。方法:回顾性分析2008年9月至2013年5月手术治疗的91例ACSCI患者的临床资料,其中采用分阶段策略预防呼吸系统并发症42例(分阶段组),男30例,女12例,年龄28～76岁,平均50岁;未采取分阶段策略预防呼吸系统并发症的49例患者作为对照组,男38例,女11例,年龄30～77岁,平均47岁。两组患者均于伤后48 h收入院,且入院时无呼吸系统并发症。分阶段组分为术前、术中及术后3个阶段,并根据不同阶段采取不同措施预防呼吸系统并发症,而对照组无系统及全面措施预防呼吸系统并发症。对两组患者的呼吸系统并发症发生率、由呼吸系统并发症导致气管插管或切开率及病死率进行分析。结果:分阶段组中10例出现呼吸系统并发症(肺部感染7例,肺不张1例,呼吸衰竭2例),其中3例因呼吸系统并发症而行气管插管或切开;对照组中24例出现呼吸系统并发症(肺部感染15例,肺不张3例,呼吸衰竭6例),其中11例因呼吸系统并发症行气管插管或切开,两组比较差异有统计学意义(χ²= 6.12,4.07;P=0.013,0.044).因呼吸系统并发症导致死亡在分阶段组中1例,对照组中4例,两组比较差异无统计学意义(χ²=1.39,P=0.238).结论:分阶段策略可降低ACSCI呼吸系统并发症发生率及改善呼吸系统并发症的预后。     

小血管闭塞性卒中与认知功能损害的关系研究

目的探讨小血管闭塞性卒中(SAO)与认知功能损害的关系。方法选择2002年1月—2012年1月我院收治的急性缺血性卒中患者253例,根据颅脑CT、MRI检查结果分为SAO组127例和非SAO组126例,并根据SAO分型将SAO组患者分为两个亚组,即缺血性脑白质疏松(ILA)组91例和单纯性腔隙性脑梗死(ILI)组36例。比较ILI组、ILA组、非SAO组患者简明精神状态量表(MMSE)评分和中文版蒙特利尔认知评估量表(Mo CA)评分,并比较SAO组和非SAO组患者Mo CA各领域评分,分析Fazekas量表总分与MMSE评分、Mo CA评分的相关性。结果 ILA组患者MMSE评分和Mo CA评分低于ILI组、非SAO组(P0.05),而ILI组与非SAO组比较,差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。SAO组患者Mo CA视空间与执行能力、命名能力、注意力、语言能力、抽象思维能力、延迟回忆能力及定向能力领域评分均低于非SAO组(P0.05)。Pearson直线相关分析结果显示,SAO组患者Fazekas量表总分与MMSE评分(r=-0.518,P=0.001)、Mo CA评分(r=-0.712,P=0.000)均呈负相关。结论 SAO患者易发生认知功能损害,且ILA患者较ILI患者更易发生认知功能损害,SAO与认知功能损害密切相关。     

Use of the ImmuKnow assay to evaluate the effect of alemtuzumab-depleting induction therapy on cell-mediated immune function after renal transplantation

Background

Good outcomes after renal transplantation are dependent on effective immunosuppression while minimizing infection. Alemtuzumab (Campath or Campath-1H) is an anti-CD52 humanized monoclonal IgG1 antibody which induces rapid and sustained depletion of circulating lymphocytes and has been effectively used as an immunosuppressant in post-transplant induction therapy.

Methods

We used the ImmuKnow assay to compare cell-mediated immune function in renal transplant patients treated with alemtuzumab or with conventional immunosuppressive tri-therapy. The ImmuKnow method determines the levels of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) released from CD4 cells following stimulation with a mitogen.

Results

We showed a statistically significant difference in the distribution of outcome after transplantation between the conventional and the Campath groups (P = 0.010). A significantly higher number of patients treated with alemtuzumab induction therapy were stable after transplantation compared to those treated with conventional immunosuppressive tri-therapy (96.6 vs. 75.7 %). ATP values were significantly higher in the conventional group compared to the Campath group at 180 days after transplantation (P < 0.001). ATP levels did not change significantly over time in clinically stable kidney recipients treated with alemtuzumab induction therapy (P = 0.554).

Conclusions

The ImmuKnow assay is a useful tool for evaluating the global immune response in alemtuzumab-treated renal transplant patients. Alemtuzumab-depleting induction therapy remains effective for at least 180 days.     

优质护理服务中落实晨间护理的管理方法与体会

目的探讨落实晨间护理有效的管理措施。方法制订晨间护理质量评分表，护士按照评分表质量要求实施晨问护理，对晨间护理实施三级质量控制。结果提高了护理质量和患者满意度（P〈0．01）。结论运用晨间护理质量评分表管理有助于夯实基础护理，提高护理质量。     

急性呼吸道感染常见病毒的流行病学分析

目的了解7种常见呼吸道病毒感染的流行情况,为临床诊疗提供参考。方法回顾性分析福建医科大学附属南平第一医院2015年3月—2018年2月急性呼吸道感染(ARTI)患者的临床资料,采用直接免疫荧光法检测7种常见呼吸道病毒抗原。结果共纳入ARTI患者5 874例。病毒检出阳性共1 150例,检出率为19.58%。2015—2017年各年份检出率依次分别为11.48%、21.71%、21.54%。单一病毒感染患者1 131例,占阳性患者的98.35%;混合感染患者19例,占阳性患者的1.65%。检测的7种常见病毒中,呼吸道合胞病毒(RSV)阳性率最高,为11.29%。不同年龄段ARTI患者病毒阳性检出率比较,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。～6月组呼吸道病毒检出率最高(26.37%),占阳性患者的39.83%。不同季节ARTI患者病毒阳性检出率比较,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。冬季呼吸道病毒阳性检出率最高,为25.01%,其次为秋季(23.23%)。不同临床诊断ARTI患者病毒阳性检出率比较,差异有统计学意义(P0.05),其中支气管肺炎患者病毒阳性检出率最高(28.60%)。结论该院近3年ARTI病例中常见呼吸道病毒感染率逐年增高,7种呼吸道病毒感染中,以RSV感染最为常见。呼吸道病毒感染多发生在秋冬季,且以1岁以下儿童为主要感染人群,其主要临床表现为支气管肺炎。     

甲地孕酮联合化疗对晚期非小细胞肺癌生活质量的影响

目的:比较甲地孕酮联合NP方案和单用NP方案化疗对晚期非小细胞肺癌生活质量的影响,评价甲地孕酮的临床疗效。方法:将60例晚期非小细胞肺癌患者随机分为治疗组与对照组。治疗组30例,于化疗前2天口服甲地孕酮160 mg,2次/d,同时予NP方案化疗。对照组30例仅接受NP方案化疗。于化疗4周期后评价患者的食欲、体重变化、KPS评分及不良反应。结果:经过4个周期后治疗组食欲、体重、KPS评分改善情况与对照组相比差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗组主要不良反应为高血压、便秘、血糖升高、皮疹、阴道流血、踝部水肿等反应,经对症处理后可缓解。结论:甲地孕酮可改善晚期非小细胞肺癌患者的生活质量,减轻其不良反应,不良反应可耐受。     

过表达CaMKKβ缓解脂肪性肝炎脂质堆积和肝脏氧化损伤机制研究

目的 探究过表达钙/钙调蛋白依赖激酶CaMKKβ缓解高脂诱导的非酒精性脂肪肝炎机制.方法 选取SD大鼠分成Control组、NAFLD组、NAFLD+LV组和NAFLD+LV-CaMKKβ组,采用高脂肪含量饮食制备NAFLD模型;NAFLD+LV组和NAFLD+LV-CaMKKβ组分别尾静脉注射空病毒液和CaMKKβ蛋...     

球囊扩张椎体后凸成形注入骨水泥治疗老年骨质疏松性椎体压缩性骨折

目的：探讨球囊扩张椎体后凸成形注入骨水泥治疗老年骨质疏松性椎体压缩性骨折的临床效果。方法：选择我院2006年10月~2010年5月收治的应用经皮球囊扩张椎体后凸成形术治疗骨质疏松性椎体压缩性骨折的30例患者,按照VAS评分、影像学资料、Oswestry评分标准分别对患者疼痛、椎体高度和Cobb角、日常活动功能进行观察。结果：所有手术均顺利完成,无严重手术并发症。有7个椎体发生骨水泥渗漏,均未出现临床症状。术后患者腰痛均明显缓解,随访7~26个月,平均14个月,视觉模拟评分（VAS）由术前的（7.4±1.7）分下降至术后的（1.8±1.1）分,最终随访为（1.6±0.8）分;Oswestry功能评分术前为（40.00±1.16）分,术后为（17.00±2.11）分,末次随访为（15.00±1.41）分;椎体前缘的高度术前平均为（0.8±0.1）cm,术后为（1.2±0.3）cm,末次随访为（1.2±0.3）cm;伤椎后凸角度术前平均为（28.2±5.3）°,术后为（19.2±4.8）°,末次随访为（19.4±5.1）°。各指标术后与术前、最终随访时与术前差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;术后与最终随访时差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。结论：球囊扩张经皮椎体后凸成形术是治疗老年骨质疏松性椎体压缩性骨折的有效方法,可迅速缓解疼痛,改善脊柱功能,并且远期稳定性较好,适用于年龄较大、合并症较多的老年患者。